titre Brain borders take center stage: role of meningeal macrophages in neurocognition and neuroinflammation
Due to the vital importance of the brain, its development and inflammation have to be tightly controlled. While much is known about the blood-brain barrier and brain's immune cells (microglia), less is understood about the contribution of brain borders, specifically the meninges, to brain function and inflammation. Our research focuses on meningeal macrophages and their roles in health and disease. First, during perinatal stages, we found that meningeal macrophages support brain development, promoting neurogenesis. We leveraged bioinformatics, genetics, and innovative drug delivery methods to unravel the underlying molecular mechanisms. Second, early-life stressors are linked with neurodevelopmental disorders. We explore if perinatal meningeal macrophage inflammation drives long-term cognitive disorders in mice. Lastly, in adult mice, we found that meningeal macrophages activation can protect against neuroinfection, acting as the first line of defense against neuroinvasive pathogens. Thus, meningeal macrophages represent new players in neuroimmunology, as they function as a communication hub between the brain and the periphery. We hope that our innovative approach to manipulate these cells will mark a significant leap forward in the fight against neurological disorders.
